基础英语写作（二）下(对外经济贸易大学) 中国大学mooc慕课答案2024版 m105081

Lesson 1 Critical Thinking and Critical Writing Lesson 1 单元测验

1、 Which of the following is an example of critical thinking?

A:You tell a friend the contents of this MOOC.
B:Bill obeys the orders of the officer during the military training (军训).
C:Lisa tosses a coin to decide whether she should choose to work in Beijing or Shanghai.
D:Mary shops online according to the ratings.
答案: Mary shops online according to the ratings.

2、 What is the main point of view of this passage?Why do so many women seem obsessed with their weight and body shape? Are they really that unhappy and dissatisfied with themselves?In today’s society, the expectations for women and their bodies are all too evident. Fashion, magazines, talk shows, and “lite” and fat-free food in stores and restaurants are all daily reminders of these expectations. For instance, the latest fashions for women reveal more and more skin: shorts have become shorter, to the point of being scarcely larger than a pair of underpants. These styles are only flattering on the slimmest of bodies, and many women who were previously happy with their bodies may emerge from the dressing room after a run-in with these styles and decide that it must be diet time again.It seems that this obsession with the perfect body and a woman’s appearance has grown to monumental heights. Now many people feel that this problem is disappearing. People have begun to assume that women want to be thin because they just want to be “healthy.” But it is ironic. What has happened is that the sickness slips in under the guise of wanting a “healthy” body…

A:Women should not be obsessed with their weight and body shape.
B:It’s the social expectations for women and their bodies that make them obsessed with their weight and body shape
C:Women are really unhappy and dissatisfied with themselves.
D:Now many people feel that the problem of women paying too much attention to their body shape is disappearing.
答案: It’s the social expectations for women and their bodies that make them obsessed with their weight and body shape

3、 What conflicting idea does the author consider? Why do so many women seem obsessed with their weight and body shape? Are they really that unhappy and dissatisfied with themselves?In today’s society, the expectations for women and their bodies are all too evident. Fashion, magazines, talk shows, and “lite” and fat-free food in stores and restaurants are all daily reminders of these expectations. For instance, the latest fashions for women reveal more and more skin: shorts have become shorter, to the point of being scarcely larger than a pair of underpants. These styles are only flattering on the slimmest of bodies, and many women who were previously happy with their bodies may emerge from the dressing room after a run-in with these styles and decide that it must be diet time again.It seems that this obsession with the perfect body and a woman’s appearance has grown to monumental heights. Now many people feel that this problem is disappearing. People have begun to assume that women want to be thin because they just want to be “healthy.” But it is ironic. What has happened is that the sickness slips in under the guise of wanting a “healthy” body…

A:Women want to be thin because they just want to be “healthy.”
B:Sickness slips in under the guise of wanting a “healthy” body.
C:The expectations for women and their bodies are all too evident.
D:None.
答案: Women want to be thin because they just want to be “healthy.”

4、 What reasons or evidence does the author use to support the main point of view in the passage?Why do so many women seem obsessed with their weight and body shape? Are they really that unhappy and dissatisfied with themselves?In today’s society, the expectations for women and their bodies are all too evident. Fashion, magazines, talk shows, and “lite” and fat-free food in stores and restaurants are all daily reminders of these expectations. For instance, the latest fashions for women reveal more and more skin: shorts have become shorter, to the point of being scarcely larger than a pair of underpants. These styles are only flattering on the slimmest of bodies, and many women who were previously happy with their bodies may emerge from the dressing room after a run-in with these styles and decide that it must be diet time again.It seems that this obsession with the perfect body and a woman’s appearance has grown to monumental heights. Now many people feel that this problem is disappearing. People have begun to assume that women want to be thin because they just want to be “healthy.” But it is ironic. What has happened is that the sickness slips in under the guise of wanting a “healthy” body…

A:Some examples of daily reminders of the expectations.
B:Some quotations from magazines and talk shows.
C: The latest fashions for women reveal more and more skin.
D:Names of the women who went on a diet after reading a fashion magazine.
答案: Some examples of daily reminders of the expectations.;
The latest fashions for women reveal more and more skin.

5、 Read the following passage and tell if it is a piece of critical writing. Why do so many women seem obsessed with their weight and body shape? Are they really that unhappy and dissatisfied with themselves?In today’s society, the expectations for women and their bodies are all too evident. Fashion, magazines, talk shows, and “lite” and fat-free food in stores and restaurants are all daily reminders of these expectations. For instance, the latest fashions for women reveal more and more skin: shorts have become shorter, to the point of being scarcely larger than a pair of underpants. These styles are only flattering on the slimmest of bodies, and many women who were previously happy with their bodies may emerge from the dressing room after a run-in with these styles and decide that it must be diet time again.It seems that this obsession with the perfect body and a woman’s appearance has grown to monumental heights. Now many people feel that this problem is disappearing. People have begun to assume that women want to be thin because they just want to be “healthy.” But it is ironic. What has happened is that the sickness slips in under the guise of wanting a “healthy” body…

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确

作业Lesson 2 Understanding Arguments and Essay Structure Lesson 2 单元作业 A minimal essay outline

1、 Make a minimal essay outline for one of the following topics. You may follow the outline template attached and use the sample outline in Section 7 as guidance.1. Is college education worth it?2. Will MOOCs replace traditional classroom teaching?3. Why are people addicted to smart phones?4. What the future holds for the internet celebrity economy (网红经济)？5. What role(s) should teachers perform in this information age?6. Should same-sex marriage be legalized?请在文本框内直接作答，不要以附件形式提交。
评分规则:  Does the outline have three parts: introduction, body, and conclusion?
Does the author include a clearly-stated thesis in the introduction?
Does the outline show how the topic will be introduced?
Does the author list the contributing arguments and their premises?
Is any contradictory argument included?
Is the main thesis re-emphasized in the conclusion?

Lesson 2 Understanding Arguments and Essay Structure Lesson2 单元测验

1、 Where does the thesis statement of an essay normally appear?

A:In the introduction section.
B:In the body section.
C:In the conclusion section.
D:I don’t know.
答案: In the introduction section.

2、 Which of the following statements are true according to this lesson?

A:As a writer, I should use an extended argument to support its thesis statement.
B: In order to persuade my reader, I should avoid mentioning any ideas that go against my own.
C:Considering conflicting ideas and refuting them can make my essay more convincing.
D:Repeating the thesis statement in the conclusion is the only way to wind up my essay.
答案: As a writer, I should use an extended argument to support its thesis statement.;
Considering conflicting ideas and refuting them can make my essay more convincing.

3、 This is not an argument: Nanotechnology encompasses a wide range of materials that, because of their small size, exhibit novel chemical or biological properties.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确
分析：这只是一个解释

4、 This is an argument: In my view, the American people deserve answers, not guesses. I have proposed that we obtain these answers in a responsible and bipartisan manner. –Conyers

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 错误
分析：只有opinion没有support

5、 This is an argument: We brought various kinds of fishes ashore and turned them loose in the meadow, but in all cases they were a disappointment—no legs came. It was strange; we could not understand it. Within a week they had all wandered back to the water, and seemed better satisfied there. We took this as evidence that fish as a rule do not care for the land. –Eve’s Diary, p. 78

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确
分析：最后一句是thesis，前面是evidence

6、 What are the three essential elements of an argument?（三个要素之间请用英文分号和空格隔开）
答案: thesis; premises; logic

7、 What are the three essential parts of a critical essay? （三个要素之间请用英文分号和空格隔开）
答案: introduction; body; conclusion

8、 What is the sentence that tells the author’s point of view called?（请用两个词作答。）
答案: thesis statement

Lesson 3 Writing Theses and Introductions Lesson 3 单元测验

1、 What are the major functions of the introduction section of a critical essay?

A: Introducing the topic.
B:Presenting the thesis.
C:Supporting the thesis.
D:Signposting the reader.
答案:  Introducing the topic.;
Presenting the thesis.;
Signposting the reader.

2、 Which of the following should be considered when you evaluate the thesis statement of a critical essay?

A: Is it a complete sentence?
B:Is the issue both narrow & broad?
C:Is any reasons included?
D:Is the position clear & debatable?
答案:  Is it a complete sentence?;
Is the issue both narrow & broad?;
Is the position clear & debatable?

3、 This is a proper thesis statement for a critical essay: Men and women are very different.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 错误
分析：partly not debatable

4、 This is a proper thesis statement for a critical essay: Men and women are often treated differently in the Japanese society.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确

5、 This is a proper thesis statement for a critical essay: Bike-sharing brings about transportation convenience to the public.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 错误
分析：太窄了

6、 This is a proper thesis statement for a critical essay: Bike-sharing benefits both the society and the individuals.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确

7、 What are the five steps to take a strong position? （请按顺序填写单个小写动词，并用英文逗号和空格隔开）
答案: interpret

作业Lesson 3 Writing Theses and Introductions Lesson 3 单元作业 Writing an essay introduction

1、 Write a complete introduction section for the outline that you’ve worked out in the unit assignment of Lesson Two. Keep in mind the basic elements of an essay introduction and the two essential parts of a thesis statement.
评分规则:  There is a clear thesis statement.
The thesis statement has a narrow but not too specific issue.
The thesis statement tells the author’s strong position.
There is an interest-arousing introduction to the topic.
The author provides a road map for the reader.

作业Lesson 4 Reasoning and Paragraph Writing Lesson 4 单元作业 Paragraph Writing

1、 Write one supporting paragraph (a contributing argument) for the introduction section you worked out in Lesson Three. You could also choose one of the following thesis statements and write a supporting paragraph for it. If necessary, you may also organize your argument into several consecutive paragraphs.1. Parents are the best teacher.2. A good man should serve as a volunteer social worker at least once in his life.3. Faith plays a vital part in fostering one’s values.请在文本框内直接作答，不要以附件形式提交。
评分规则:  There is a clear topic sentence.
The author uses both reasons and evidence or explanations to support the topic sentence.
The paragraph is organized along a reasoning pattern.
The paragraph shows unity.
The paragraph is coherent.
The evidence is introduced into the writing naturally and its connection to the thesis is explained.

Lesson 4 Reasoning and Paragraph Writing Lesson 4 单元测验

1、 Read the following passage. Tell if it is reasoning or explaining.Both the toy mice were the same size and shape so the dog, Misty, was confused. Although one mouse was red and one was blue, Misty was unable to tell which mouse was his toy simply by looking. Like other dogs, he needed to sniff them both, using his sense of smell to tell them apart, because he couldn’t discriminate between different colors.

A:reasoning
B:explaining
C:both
D:neither
答案: explaining

2、 Read the following passage. Tell if it is reasoning or explaining.New-born babies may lack the capacity to monitor their own breathing and body-temperature during the first three months of life. Babies who sleep alongside their mothers could benefit from learning to regulate their breathing and sleeping, following the rhythm of the parent. These babies wake more frequently than those who sleep alone. Moreover, mothers who sleep next to their babies are better able to monitor their child for movement during the night. Consequently, it may be safer for new-born babies to sleep with their parents.

A:reasoning
B:explaining
C:both
D:neither
答案: both

3、 Read the following passage. Tell if it is reasoning or explaining.There were many reasons why the student was an hour late for the seminar. First of all, a pan caught fire, causing a minor disaster in his kitchen. It took twenty minutes to restore order. Then he couldn’t find his housekeys. That wasted another ten minutes of his time. Then, just as he closed the door behind him, the postwoman arrived, saying there was a parcel to be signed for. Her pen didn’t work which held them up further. Finally, of course, he had to find his keys, which had once more slipped to the bottom of his bag, in order to re-open the door and place the letter on the table.

A:reasoning
B:explaining
C:both
D:neither
答案: explaining

4、 Read the following passage. Tell if it is reasoning or explaining.The images of horses, bisons and red deer found in Cresswell Crags, England, bear remarkable similarities to those found in Germany. It is unlikely that two separate cultures would have produced drawing of such similarity if there were not links between them. This suggests that there were greater cultural links between continental Europe and Britain during the Ice Age than was formerly believed.

A:reasoning
B:explaining
C:both
D:neither
答案: reasoning

5、 Read the following paragraph and identify the problem.Just as history repeats itself, fashions have a tendency to do the same. In the 1960s, for example, women wore miniskirts that came several inches above the knee; some forty years later, the fashion magazines are featuring this same type of dress, and many teenagers are wearing them. The miniskirt has always been for slender women. I wonder if the fashion industry deliberately recycles. Men wore their hair long in the hippie period of the late 1960s and 1970s. Today, some men are again letting their hair grow. Beards, considered“in” during the 1970s, have once again made an appearance.

A:It is not coherent.
B:It is not a unified paragraph.
C:The transitional words are not used appropriately.
D:It does not follow the proper pattern of reasoning.
答案: It is not a unified paragraph.

6、 What materials can be used as evidence?

A:things happened in the past
B:what we can see
C:what is written in the book
D:what is said by some people
答案: things happened in the past;
what we can see;
what is written in the book;
what is said by some people

7、 A good body paragraph of critical essay should ______.

A:contain only one main idea
B:be coherent
C:have a topic sentence
D:use reasons and / or evidence to justify its thesis
答案: contain only one main idea;
be coherent;
use reasons and / or evidence to justify its thesis

8、 You’d better strike out the sentences which are not relevant to the thesis in a body paragraph.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确

9、 Summary should not be employed as evidence to back up the thesis.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 错误

10、 Transitional words can be used to help achieve coherence in paragraphs.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确

11、 When integrating evidence into writing, you need to tell the connection between the evidence and the reasons.

A:正确
B:错误
答案: 正确

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